(C) The rate of perturbation of initial system states contributes to the increase in modularity due to selection for two GAPs. The evolutionary scenario is the same as that presented in Fig 4 in the main text (GAPs in Fig 3A). (B) Selection for two GAPs produces a greater increase in modularity in sparser networks. Mean ± SD Q P N is lower in ancestral populations under selection for GAP I (−0.098 ± 0.895) than in populations evolved under selection for GAPs I and II (2.524 ± 0.773). The evolutionary scenario is the same as that presented in Fig 3 in the main text (GAPs in Fig 3A). (A) Modularity evolves after selection for an additional activity pattern. The results are qualitatively the same as those presented in the main text. The data for this figure considers population averages in those populations where maximum fitness surpassed a threshold of 0.9. S2 Fig: Analyses considering mean population values for populations where adaptation was successful. The evolutionary scenario is the same as that presented in Fig 5 in the main text (GAPs in Fig 3A). Mean ± SD Q P N is lower in ancestral populations under selection for GAP I (−0.164 ± 1.009) than in populations evolved under selection for GAPs I and II (2.458 ± 0.988). The data for this figure considers a network with the highest fitness in each population, irrespective of whether this fitness surpassed a threshold of 0.9. S1 Fig: Analyses considering all the populations, regardless successful adaptation.
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